Bosnia and Herzegovina covers the south-eastern part of Europe and the western part of the Balkans. It is a largely mountainous country, with mountain ranges suitable for winter sports. Such mountains include Jahorina, Bjelašnica, Igman, Trebevic, and Treskavica. Cenuries-old oak and beech forests are habitats for many wild animals today rare, such as the brown bear, wolf, and wood grouse.  Magnificent fir, pine, and cypress forests are a home to an extremely rich world of birds, while plants elsewhere almost extinct thrive at lower elevations. Such plants include Bosnian Lily, and rare species of the tulip genus. Herzegovina is largely a karst country.

 

Gorgeous rivers such as the Bosnia river, after which the country was named, the Drina that forms a natural border with Serbia, the Sava – the county’s longest river, the Neretva that adorns the city of Mostar, the clear Una and Sana rivers, national parks of wild nature, such as Sutjeska, where the famous primeval forest Perucica lies, Kozara, Una, give vast possibilities for enjoyment and tourist tours. With a small part 8 km long at Neum, Bosnia has exit to the Adriatic Sea, which is another curiosity and peculiarity of this unusual country. Extraordinary and authentic cultural heritage make this country unique. Set in the middle of the Balkan Peninsula, it was always interesting to many peoples with imperialistic appetites, who left their marks there. The Ottomans found the land particularly attractive, viewing it as a link to Central Europe, and left distinct ensigns, since of all conquered countries they integrated only Bosnia as an important province of the Ottoman Empire, namely Sanjak of Bosnia. Moreover, Sarajevo, Mostar, and Visegrad were their significant centers of economic and political power. These cities have preserved Ottoman architecture and many significant monuments, such as the famous The Mehmed Pasa Sokolovic Bridge in Visegrad, the well-known Bascarsija in Sarajevo, or the old bridge in Mostar. These are all cultural monuments of bygone times that are interesting to tourists and frequently visited. Almost five centuries long Ottoman rule over these lands caused divisions among the inhabitants along religious, national, and class lines. Furthermore, Ottoman pogroms, wars and migrations influenced demographics, which up to the present day remains complex. That is, Serbs, Croats, and Bosniaks live in Bosnia. This caused a complex state government, unique in the world, and largely incomprehensible. Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of The Republic of Srpska, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and The District of Brcko.